Pronunciar Inglés

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Pronunciar Inglés

Cómo pronunciar el sufijo “-ed” (3/3)

July 3rd, 2008 · 9 comentarios... ¿y tú qué opinas?

El sufijo -ed se emplea en el pasado y participio pasado de los verbos regulares ingleses. Este sufijo se pronuncia de tres formas distintas. En las entradas anteriores expliqué cuándo se pronuncia /t/, /d/ ó /id/. En esta entrada voy a poner ejemplos, pero primero quiero recordar la regla para pronunciar el sufijo -ed:

  • se pronuncia /t/ detrás de fonemas sordos*
  • se pronuncia /d/ detrás de fonemas sonoros
  • se pronuncia /id/ detrás de /t/ y /d/

También quiero recordar que tenemos que fijarnos en los /fonemas/ en vez de las “letras”. Por lo tanto,

  • “Hate” /h e ɪ t/ y “Explode” /e k s p l o ʊ d/ terminan en /t/ y /d/ respectivamente, así que “hated” y “exploded” se pronuncian con /id/
  • “Bake” /b e ɪ k/ termina en /k/ (fonema sordo), así que “baked” se pronuncia con /t/
  • “Blame” /b l e ɪ m/ termina en /m/ (fonema sonoro), así que “blamed” se pronuncia con /d/

A continuación indico ejemplos de verbos regulares que terminan con distinto fonema.

El sufijo “-ed” se pronuncia /t/ en:

  • stop /p/
  • look /k/
  • cough /f/
  • bath /θ/
  • dress /s/
  • wash /ʃ/
  • attach /ʧ/

El sufijo “-ed” se pronuncia /d/ en:

  • describe /b/
  • beg /g/
  • believe /v/
  • breathe /ð/
  • compose /z/
  • camouflage /ʒ/
  • change /ʤ/
  • claim /m/
  • happen /n/
  • belong /ŋ/
  • boil /l/
  • discover /r /
  • /w/, /j/**
  • carry, agree, tie… /todas las vocales/

El sufijo “-ed” se pronuncia /id/ en:

  • admit /t/
  • afford /d/

Notas:

* En la entrada anterior comenté cómo se puede recordar fácilmente cuáles son los fonemas sordos y sonoros.
** No hay nigún verbo que termine con los fonemas /w/ ó /j/, ya que estos fonemas siempren van seguidos
de una vocal.

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9 respuestas hasta el momento ↓

  • 1 Gloria escalante betancourt // Jul 4, 2008 at 3:04 pm

    All these information is usefull to remind us pronunciation. Thanks a lot.

  • 2 Ari // Oct 10, 2008 at 6:32 pm

    Me parece excellente la información espero mejorar en la pronunciación de mis verbos, Gracias

  • 3 Baldo // Jan 19, 2009 at 4:41 pm

    Gracias!!!!

  • 4 Armando Diaz Córdoba De Medellín - Colombia // Jan 29, 2009 at 8:38 pm

    great and interesting this topic

  • 5 Francisco Chacón // Apr 27, 2009 at 2:11 am

    Thanks you , very important.We are learnings thanks to you.

  • 6 guillermo leon // May 14, 2009 at 12:27 am

    I believe what the pronunciation is a plane for learning and talking any idiom, but I think it’s more dificulty. Howeber thank you by yours good grets

  • 7 cristina // Jun 2, 2009 at 5:15 pm

    Me gustaría saber como tengo que poner la lengua al pronunciar un verbo terminado con t o d

  • 8 pronunciaringles // Jun 4, 2009 at 4:19 pm

    Hola Cristina,

    Me preguntas cómo hay que colocar la lengua al pronunciar la /t/ y /d/. En inglés, al pronunciar estas dos consonantes, la punta de la lengua toca los alveolos superiores (las cavidades en que están engastados los dientes). En cambio en español la punta de la lengua se coloca hacia los dientes o incluso entre los dientes. Esta diferencia no tiene importancia aunque nos da un poco de acento.

    Pero creo que me has hecho está pregunta porque te parece que estos sonidos son muy parecidos cuando van al final del verbo. Cuando aparecen al final de una palabra, los sonidos /t/ y /d/ se parecen mucho. Esto se debe a que la diferencia entre ellos es que la /t/ es un sonido sordo (no vibran las cuerdas vocales) y /d/ es sonoro (vibran las cuerdas vocales), pero la /d/ pierde sonoridad al ir al final de la palabra. ¿Qué hacen los nativos de habla inglesa para diferenciarlos? Pues acortan la vocal que antecede a la /t/ final. Es decir, la vocal de BAT suena más corta que la de BAD. Lo mismo ocurre con /p, b/, /k, g/… Echa un vistazo a esta otra entrada ¿Por qué se acorta la vocal de LAP y PICK?

    Espero haber aclarado tu duda. Saludos, Iciar

  • 9 cristina // Jun 5, 2009 at 12:01 pm

    Muchas gracias por tu ayuda

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