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Pronunciar Inglés

Cómo pronunciar el sufijo “-ed” (2/3)

July 1st, 2008 · 5 comentarios... ¿y tú qué opinas?

El sufijo -ed se emplea en el pasado y participio pasado de los verbos regulares ingleses. Este sufijo se pronuncia de tres formas /t, d, id/. En la entrada anterior expliqué la pronunciación /id/, hoy voy a comentar las otras dos pronunciaciones y en la próxima entrada pondré ejemplos.

¿Cuándo se pronuncia /t/ y cuando se pronuncia /d/?

La regla es la siguiente:

  • /t/ detrás de sonidos sordos (cuerdas vocales no vibran)
  • /d/ detrás de sonidos sonoros (cuerdas vocales sí vibran)

La pregunta ahora es… ¿cúales son los sonidos sordos y cuáles son los sonoros?

  • las vocales inglesas son sonoras
  • las consonantes pueden ser sordas y sonoras. A la izquierda indico las sordas y a la derecha las sonoras:
  • t __ d Pronunciación /id/
  • p __ b
  • k __ g
  • f __ v
  • θ __ ð
  • s __ z
  • ʃ __ ʒ
  • ʧ __ ʤ
  • ____ m
  • ____ n
  • ____ ŋ
  • ____ l
  • ____ r
  • ____ w
  • ____ j

Fíjate que hay parejas de sonidos. Estas parejas son consonantes que se pronuncian de la misma forma con la diferencia de que una es sorda y otra sonora. Memorizando las parejas podemos identificar rápidamente los sonidos sordos y sonoros, ya que a excepción de los sonidos sordos de las parejas los demás son sonoros.

A continuación indico algunos ejemplos:

  • Look /lʊk/
    /k/ es sonido sordo -> “looked” se pronuncia con /t/
  • Agree /əgrɪ:/
    /ɪ:/ es sonido sonoro -> “agreed” se pronuncia con /d/

En los siguientes casos los fonemas no coinciden con las letras. Fíjate que lo importante son los fonemas.

  • Bake /beɪk/
    /k/ es sonido sordo -> “baked” se pronuncia con /t/
  • Blame /bleɪm/
    /m/ es sonido sonoro -> “blamed” se pronuncia con /d/

Recuerda que cuando el infinitivo del verbo termina en /t/ o /d/ la pronunciación del sufijo -ed es /id/.

Nota: Al enunciar las consonantes no he incluido la /h/. No hay ningún verbo que termine con este fonema, pero me gustaría comentar que la /h/ es la única consonante inglesa sorda sin pareja.

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5 respuestas hasta el momento ↓

  • 1 Gloria escalante betancourt // Jul 4, 2008 at 3:02 pm

    A proffessor of mine told us that we pronounce /t/ on words that end in plossive consonants, but now I realize that these are only a part of “sordas” consonants

  • 2 Deysi // Sep 22, 2008 at 10:57 pm

    Hola! me gustaria me pudieran ayudar para la pronunciación para los verbos, por que la verdad se me complica mucho lo de la peronunciación y no se que hacer. Este sitio me gusta mucho y por eso estoy recurriendo a ustedes. espero con muchas ancias su ayuda.

  • 3 Nixi // Jan 26, 2009 at 8:48 pm

    Demasiado util este sitio! Gracias… estamos realizando un software educativo para alumnos entre 11 y 15 a.os!!

  • 4 Glultulse // Apr 25, 2009 at 1:31 am

    hmm. amazing ))

  • 5 Alfredo // Jun 24, 2009 at 10:29 pm

    Gracias por la información de este blog, es muy útil para mí porque quiero aprender inglés. Sólo una consulta con respecto a la anotación que haces sobre la consonante “h” y que no hay verbo que finalice con ella, pues vi en un listado el verbo “vanish” ¿aplica en este caso la regla?

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